Medical Devices

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The revised MDCG 2019-11 guidance on qualification and classification of software (the Revised Guidance)  introduces a series of clarifications and expansions that impact how software is qualified and classified as a medical device under the EU Medical Device Regulation (MDR) and In Vitro Diagnostic Regulation (IVDR). While the core principles remain unchanged, the Revised Guidance provides more detailed examples, specifically includes software using artificial intelligence (AI), and addresses modular software and interoperability with electronic health records (EHRs) under the European Health Data Space (EHDS).

This blog post outlines these key updates and considers their potential impact on compliance obligations for software manufacturers.Continue Reading Revised guidance on classification of Medical Device Software in the EU

Welcome to the latest installment of Arnold & Porter’s Virtual and Digital Health Digest. This digest covers key virtual and digital health regulatory and public policy developments during May and early June 2025 from the United Kingdom and European Union.

There has been a lot of focus on AI this month. The European Commission has launched a consultation on high-risk AI systems, which includes medical devices and is therefore highly relevant for digital health companies. The European Medicines Agency has published a workplan on data and AI use, which sets out how the European Medicines Regulatory Network plans to leverage large volumes of regulatory and health data to support regulatory decision-making for better medicines. There has also been international guidance published on the use of AI in pharmacovigilance. However, there has also been controversy as the UK Data Use and Access Bill continues through the parliamentary process, as there is disagreement on its treatment of copyright-protected material in the development of AI systems. As uses of AI continue and authorities seek to put in place relevant legislation and guidance to match the speed of development, expect this focus to continue.Continue Reading Virtual and Digital Health Digest – June 2025

On 13 June 2025, the European Commission launched the first phase of a pilot project under its COMBINE programme (the pilot project), aiming to streamline the authorisation process for combined studies involving both clinical trials of medicinal products and performance studies of in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVD) (referred to as combined studies below).

The pilot project represents a significant step towards addressing the complex and fragmented regulatory landscape that sponsors currently face when submitting applications for combined studies across multiple EU countries. Although its practical effectiveness remains to be seen, the pilot project represents a positive development that should facilitate the approval of combined studies in the EU.

The pilot project is the first initiative under the COMBINE programme, with additional projects planned to launch in the coming years.Continue Reading European Commission launches COMBINE pilot to streamline approval of studies involving medicinal products and in vitro diagnostic medical devices

On 16 June 2025, the UK Medical Devices (Post-market Surveillance Requirements) (Amendment) (Great Britain) Regulations 2024 came into force, marking the first step in the reform of the UK legislation for medical devices. The regulations apply to Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), and medical devices placed on the market in Northern Ireland must follow…

Welcome to the latest installment of Arnold & Porter’s Virtual and Digital Health Digest. This digest covers key virtual and digital health regulatory and public policy developments during April and early May 2025 from the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union.

Cybersecurity is a hot topic in the UK and EU this month. In both, cybersecurity plans are developing, with the European Commission conducting a consultation on the EU Action Plan to strengthen cybersecurity within hospitals and health care providers, and the UK Cyber Security and Resilience Bill being published, introduced partly because of cyberattacks on UK hospitals. This is clearly an important area for developers of digital products and services, who should watch the progress of these policies closely.Continue Reading Virtual and Digital Health Digest – May 2025

Welcome to the latest installment of Arnold & Porter’s Virtual and Digital Health Digest. This digest covers key virtual and digital health regulatory and public policy developments during March and early April 2025 from the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union.

The biggest change this month is that as of March 25, 2025, the European Health Data Space Regulation (EHDS Regulation) is now in force. This means that, as it is gradually implemented, companies will be able to request access to electronic health data for health care purposes, including for use in scientific research, and may be required to share certain health data that they hold. The implementation of the EHDS Regulation is likely to raise a number of questions, which future European Commission implementing regulations or guidelines may clarify.Continue Reading Virtual and Digital Health Digest – April 2025

 In our blog in December 2024, we provided an update on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) final rule, revising the regulatory definition of an in vitro diagnostic (IVD) to explicitly capture IVDs manufactured by laboratories (known as laboratory developed tests or LDTs). We noted that two cases had been filed challenging the…

Welcome to the latest installment of Arnold & Porter’s Virtual and Digital Health Digest. This digest covers key virtual and digital health regulatory and public policy developments during February and early March 2025 from the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been the focus this month, with certain aspects of the EU AI Act now in force and key guidance being published by the European Commission. In addition, the much criticized AI Liability Directive has been withdrawn by the European Commission. In the UK, the UK government published its AI Action Plan setting out its proportionate, flexible regulatory approach towards AI, and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) hosted an Innovation Showcase demonstrating how it is using digital technologies and AI throughout the regulatory lifecycle. Continue Reading Virtual and Digital Health Digest – March 2025

On 6 February 2025, EU Member States announced the launch of a new pilot scheme for coordinated assessment of clinical investigations of medical devices (CI) and performance studies for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) medical devices (PS). Supported by the European Commission, the pilot allows sponsors to submit a single CI or PS application for review across multiple Member States, rather than each Member State conducting independent standalone reviews. The pilot scheme aims to make the application process for multi-national CI and PS more efficient and to reduce the duplication of activities by both the sponsor and competent authorities. As this has been a major cause of delays and complications in conducting CIs, this pilot will be welcomed by industry.Continue Reading EU announces pilot coordinated assessment for clinical investigations of medical devices

Welcome to the latest installment of Arnold & Porter’s Virtual and Digital Health Digest. This digest covers key virtual and digital health regulatory and public policy developments during January and early February 2025 from the United States, United Kingdom, and European Union.

In this issue, we discuss some useful international guidance documents from the International Medical Device Regulators Forum (IMDRF). These include Guiding Principles on Good Machine Learning Practices (GMLP) that build on the principles previously set out by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), and Health Canada, and guidance on characterization and risks of medical device software. The continued development of international guidance in this area highlights the importance of coordination between regulatory authorities and standardized guidance for these products. There have also been important developments in ongoing litigation relating to digital technologies, although whether these developments provide clear guidance to manufacturers remains to be seen.Continue Reading Virtual and Digital Health Digest – February 2025